Introduction Aging brings natural physiological changes that affect male reproductive and urinary systems. Andrology plays an important role in managing age-related conditions such as benign prostatic hyperplasia, erotic activity, prostate inflammation, hormonal decline, and reduced fertility. Proactive management is essential for maintaining hea

Introduction Sexual dysfunction is a common concern among men and significantly affects self-esteem, relationships, and mental health. Andrology addresses various forms of male sexual dysfunction, including erectile dysfunction, erotic activity, premature ejaculation, and decreased libido. These conditions often have multifactorial origins involv

Introduction Hormonal balance is fundamental to male reproductive and sexual health. Testosterone, the primary male androgen, regulates sexual development, libido, erotic, muscle mass, bone density, and mood. Andrology focuses extensively on hormonal disorders that disrupt these processes. Declining testosterone levels can significantly impact ph

Introduction Male infertility is a complex medical condition that affects reproductive potential and psychological well-being. Andrology plays a central role in diagnosing and managing infertility by identifying underlying physiological, genetic, and lifestyle-related factors. Infertility is defined as the inability to achieve pregnancy after one

Introduction Andrology is a specialized branch of medicine that focuses on male reproductive health, sexual function, and disorders related to the male endocrine and reproductive systems. Often considered the male counterpart of gynecology, andrology addresses conditions that significantly affect male fertility, erotic activity, hormonal balance,